Whole genome sequencing (WGS) is a laboratory procedure that determines the entire genetic makeup of a person. Unlike targeted methods that only look at specific genes, WGS sequences all 3 billion base pairs of the human genome, including both the protein-coding regions (exons) and the non-coding regions (introns). This ``wide-lens`` approach allows scientists to identify various genetic variations, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions, deletions, and structural variants, making it an invaluable tool for rare disease diagnosis, personalized medicine, and large-scale population studies.